Nano (XNO)

The network is known for its block-lattice architecture, a structure in which each account maintains its own chain of transactions. This design differs from traditional single-chain blockchains and allows users to update their own account history independently, helping reduce congestion and latency. Nano transactions do not carry network fees, and the protocol does not rely on energy-intensive mining, which makes resource efficiency a central part of its identity.

Consensus is handled through Open Representative Voting, a delegated voting model in which representatives vote on conflicting transactions according to the voting weight assigned to them by account holders. XNO holders are not required to lock their coins to participate indirectly through representatives, and the system does not use inflationary block rewards as an incentive mechanism. This gives Nano a different economic profile from many proof-of-work and proof-of-stake networks.

Originally introduced as RaiBlocks before rebranding to Nano, the project is one of the earlier examples of a cryptocurrency using a directed acyclic graph-style approach. Its narrow focus is also its defining feature: Nano aims to be lightweight digital cash, with quick settlement, minimal hardware requirements, and a user experience built around sending and receiving XNO without transaction charges.